While BIND 9.18.21 with "qname-minimization strict;" SERVFAILs on the following query, dig with +trace resolves it. Just a data point, and if they fix their s**t and stop impersonating a signed zone then presumably the example will resolve itself (pun intended). dig -x 131.191.85.31 dig -x 131.191.85.31 +trace -- Fred Morris